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August 22, 2008 1:38 PM PDT

How lame is lithium ion? Don't get me started

Posted by Charles Cooper
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The last time I flew out of San Francisco, my laptop battery conked out as we passed Salt Lake City. Considering how I was stuck in cattle class with no chance to recharge the unit, I closed the computer in disgust and proceeded to slip into a deep sleep.

(Credit: CNET News)

If my laptop drops dead one more time because the battery's out of juice, I may go postal. I know. There are worse things in life. But how lame is lithium ion? I'm sure that my frustration's not unique. Many (most?) of you have surely engaged in the same frantic race against the clock, typing furiously as the computer's battery icon wastes down to empty. And Murphy's Law being what it is, there doubtless was not an electrical unit in the same time zone.

Of course, some laptops are better at power management than others. Still, three hours, maximum, is about the best you can hope for. That's no bargain. But such is life in the lithium-ion era.

Now a start-up called ZPower says it's come up with a battery technology breakthrough which it claims will result in 40 percent longer laptop life than lithium-ion on a single charge. The company says it has struck a deal with "one of the major" PC makers to use its silver-zinc batteries in a notebook line slated for 2009. The CEO, Ross Dueber, declined to get more specific than that.

I don't know if ZPower has the best answer, but speaking for the laptop shleppers of the world, I wish him well in his quest. Commercial lithium-ion batteries have been around since 1991, courtesy of Sony and an upgrade would be very welcome. Earlier in the week I spoke with Dueber, who was in town for Intel's big developer shindig. Check out what he had to say in this video interview we shot together.

Charles is an executive editor with CNET News. He has covered technology and business for more than 25 years. A graduate of Queens College and Columbia University, Cooper began his career in journalism at the Associated Press before moving to technology coverage. Before joining CNET News, he worked at Computer & Software News, Computer Shopper, PC Week, and ZDNet. He received the Excellence in Journalism award from the Northern California branch of the Society for Professional Journalists for column writing. In addition to his blogging and podcast appearances, he is a co-host of the CNET News Daily Debrief. E-mail Charlie.
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Add a Comment (Log in or register) 34 comments
by jimmyhoops August 22, 2008 3:21 PM PDT
You might want to start with spelling 'lithium' right in you title. Spell check much?
Reply to this comment
by joedogg5150 August 22, 2008 4:59 PM PDT
"right in you title"??? Speak English much? Next time before you try being a prick make sure you know what you're talking about yourself...
by CmdrRickHunter August 22, 2008 3:44 PM PDT
Memory and weight are the strengths of lithium ion. It has no memory (unlike NiCds) and an energy to weight ratio unmatched by any other battery technology. ZPower may offer 40% more life, but in reality they're going to have to offer 40% better energy to weight (and probably comparable energy to size).

Lithium's weakness is that a bit of oxide forms every time you switch from charging to discharging. This is why lithium batteries slowly die over time - slightly different from memory.

I used to take my laptop on car trips and such, and I found a great solution to the battery problem: a lead acid battery and an inverter! Last time I flew, sealed lead acid batteries were fair game on planes (that was a while ago, though) because there was no way to break them open. My battery life is now longer than the computer's ability to keep my attention. Last test was 2 11hr bus rides in a row without a recharge, while powering 2 laptops and an ethernet switch for some LAN action!

Of course, the battery weighs about 10-15 pounds. I've got a smaller one too, but power to weight was never a concern for the lead acid folk.
Reply to this comment
by Renegade Knight August 26, 2008 12:01 PM PDT
Power to weight is one thing. Power to volume another. Laptops don't leave much space for a battery. A little extra weight may not be a deal breaker. In a Hybrid Car the weight may be a deal breaker.
by viss9434 August 22, 2008 3:50 PM PDT
"you title"..... ? Too funny.
Reply to this comment
by Joe Real August 22, 2008 4:03 PM PDT
Why not use the recently developed Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries from A123? They store more energy than the regular Lithium-ion, are a lot safer, doesn't explode nor catch fire even when mechanically crushed. Most of all, it can go more than 150,000 recharge cycles before significantly degrading performance. A123 develop batteries for new generation of cordless power tools because of their energy density and ability to quickly recharge and deliver quick burst of energy. They are also developing their batteries to store and supply power to next generation Electric Vehicles. Certainly, laptop would benefit much faster as these batteries are even cheaper to manufacture than the regular lithium ion, and certainly a lot cheaper then Zinc Silver batteries. The A123 has been reported here in CNET earlier, there are at least two articles that I have read from earlier CNET news reports about A123's batteries.
Reply to this comment
by toomath August 22, 2008 5:23 PM PDT
Cmdr Rick, you ride the bus with two laptops and an ethernet switch? Damn, I thought I was geeky :)
Reply to this comment
by superman227 August 22, 2008 6:00 PM PDT
Get a 85wh battery. My battery can last 6+ hours in my dell inspirion 1520.
Reply to this comment
by ikramerica--2008 August 22, 2008 7:26 PM PDT
Coop just proves he doesn't know anything. PCs usually have high capacity batteries available, and of course, Macs last 4-6 hours depending on model or use.

Just because HE has a crappy computer doesn't mean ALL Li batteries suck... ;)
Reply to this comment
by baisa August 22, 2008 7:33 PM PDT
It isn't the batteries, it is the power consumption. Or more precisely, it is the irreconcilable battle between power-hungry features (fast processors, disks, bright displays, powerful wireless, etc.) and battery life. For most people, a couple hours of battery life is "good enough" -- in other words, most people wouldn't want a sappy compromise laptop that they had to use 90% of the time when battery life was not a big deal. And sheesh, if battery life IS so important to a person, there are great options in low-power notebooks with swappable batteries. I used to have a Fujitsu Lifebook, and it was small, light, and with the extra battery, I could use it for 8 hours.
Reply to this comment
by AppleSuxLeo August 22, 2008 10:24 PM PDT
Apple has the best solution...their products like the AirPhart and iPhony don`t let you replace the battery. Such genious at work there LOL
Reply to this comment
by The_Decider August 24, 2008 4:09 PM PDT
If I had an iphone or ipod I could go to a store on the corner and swap it out.

And no, it is not an apple store.
by dude7895 August 24, 2008 9:18 PM PDT
Going to a store to replace a battery, gee that's convenient.
by Get_Bent August 25, 2008 11:46 AM PDT
Mister "Genious" strikes again!
by CooperSWorks August 22, 2008 10:26 PM PDT
just design the damned computers with the ability to swap the batteries without shutting down . . . Now there's a concept. I'm certain it can be done. Either with a capacitive storage or an auxiliary battery that provides at least 60 seconds of power.
Reply to this comment
by Seaspray0 August 23, 2008 11:48 PM PDT
Put the laptop into hibernation mode, swap the battery, then pick up right where you left off. That's not so difficult.
by Techskeptic August 22, 2008 10:42 PM PDT
@joe real

a123: "They store more energy than the regular Lithium-ion"

yeesh, no they don't. They have significantly smaller energy density than most Li+. You did mention a specific feature of a123 batts, in their large number of cycles. But the one you missed was fast charge capabilities and high current output (not needed for this app). They are cool batteries but energy density is NOT the strong point of them.

baisa has it right. Why you don't know how long your batts last right now is ridiculous. Why you don't turn down the power for long flights is beyond me. The best hope for battery life right now aren't new batteries (you may as well pray), its dramatic drops in power consumption.
Reply to this comment
by Lerianis August 23, 2008 2:58 AM PDT
That's absolutely true. The true hope for battery life today is dramatic drops in power consumption. However, with people like me (who wish to play computer games on flights or in buses)..... that isn't going to be a reality anytime soon, at least not until graphics power use improves a WHOLE lot.
by The_Decider August 24, 2008 4:11 PM PDT
You can't really complain about battery life while playing 3D games.

That is like complaining about gas mileage in your Ferrari.
by Maccess August 22, 2008 11:37 PM PDT
The sooner we can move beyond Lithium Ion, the better. Lithium Ion is a highly toxic metal and all those bateries built since 1991 have been filling up landfills. Lithium Ion is also an inherently unstable technology due to thermal runaway. The hotter a Lithium Battery gets, the more power it produces, and the hotter it gets. This is usually kept under control by sophisticated electronics, but when things go awry the batteries catch fire. Other batteries output less power as they get hotter, hence don't suffer from this problem.
Reply to this comment
by Lerianis August 23, 2008 2:59 AM PDT
You have a good point about the problems with lithium ion. Frankly, that is the reason why with any lithium-ion device, I give it a evil eye before I purchase it and insist that the company in question GUARANTEES that they will not overheat, at least not on their own.
by Leslie Satenstein August 23, 2008 5:12 AM PDT
To get greater battery life, chose an operating system that has power management built-in to it's core system. For example, Linux uses 18% less power then does XP or Vista.

New linux pc's run aroung 8 hrs between charges. (EEPC)
Reply to this comment
by ferretboy88 August 26, 2008 12:04 PM PDT
With my laptops which are IBM/Lenovo thinkpads I get way better battery life with Vista than Linux(Ubuntu). My older T-42 gets really poor battery life with Fedora instead of XP. this is just my laptops.
by dnguyen68 August 23, 2008 7:48 AM PDT
Lower the screen resolution, disable cd/dvd drive, wi-fi, turn off apps and services that you don't need. That's should help. I've seen laptops with tons of unnecessary apps running in the background. Continuous Wi-fi searching will eat your battery.
Reply to this comment
by k2dave August 24, 2008 4:34 AM PDT
Does lowering screen resolution really matter? First laptops have a native resolution, running a lower resolution usually produces noticeable distortions and is unacceptable. Perhaps running less colors and/or resolution may reduce the load and power consumption of the graphics processor, and reducing the # of colors should be acceptable. A greater power savings would be to lower the brightness of the screen.
by Mystigo August 25, 2008 5:46 AM PDT
Lower the brightness, not the resolution. If anything, running at a lower resolution will increase power consumption. Scaling pixels to fit the native display has got to come at some cost somewhere whether in the CPU or GPU.
by drivin98 August 23, 2008 8:03 AM PDT
@Maccess. Actually lithium ion is NOT "a highly toxic metal" and thermal runaway is really a non-issue.

The glaring problem with Silver Zinc is poor cycle life, which in combination with high cost, make for an unappealing "solution". Much better is the approach taken by Boston Power who have methodically optimized the traditional li-ion chemistry. C-Net even did a great piece on them.
http://news.cnet.com/Notebook-battery-maker-gets-charged-up-for-cars/2100-1041_3-6224334.html
Reply to this comment
by hlywd217 August 23, 2008 10:05 PM PDT
I can get 6 hours on my xps m1330.....
Reply to this comment
by k2dave August 24, 2008 4:42 AM PDT
One trick I have found for Li-ion batteries is to buy a second. Use the second to about 40% power remaining and store it in the refrigerator. Then use the original battery for most of your work when it is plugged into the wall. That battery should be good enough to give you some run time on battery if needed. When you travel charge up the second battery and use it for your trip (bring the 1st one for a spare). This was you always have a battery with like new performance when needed.

The reason for discharging to 40% remaining is Li-ion will last the longest at this level, keeping it at 100% will shorten it's life, and at 0% will greatly shorten it's life. Li-ion not only looses capacity by charge-discharge cycles but just sitting at any level will start to eat itself, the slowest rate is about 40% and keeping it cold.
Reply to this comment
by Heebee Jeebies August 25, 2008 9:41 AM PDT
Here is an idea. How about keeping your battery charged instead of getting pissed at a technology because you don't bother to check power levels before you leave. That is like blaming gas companies when you ran out of gas because you didn't stop and get any. I getting miffed at the lettuce growers because you have none at home because you didn't buy any at the store. Either keep you gadgets charged or don't own gadgets.

Now if you want to talk about how long a charged battery lasts, that is something different then getting pissed because you didn't charge it. On my laptop a fully charge will last me about an hour to an hour and half. Now that is lame, a $200 battery that is only go for that length of time.
Reply to this comment
by ArtInvent August 26, 2008 6:26 AM PDT
Yes. If battery life is so important, get one of the many many new laptop - battery combos that have long battery life. And or buy a 2nd battery. There are also batteries that you can plug in with a power cord so you don't have to power down or swap out. So many options.

Second, everyone knows the limits of lithium batts. It's the electronics that I fault for not being such power hogs, as well as the manufacturers who have always tended to give you just 2-3 hours of battery no matter what. Either make the battery larger or design more efficient hardware.
Reply to this comment
by ferretboy88 August 26, 2008 12:05 PM PDT
My Vista X61 Lenovo thinkpad gets 6 hours on a charge. That is with the large battery.
Reply to this comment
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About Coop's Corner

Charles Cooper has covered technology and business for more than 25 years. A graduate of Queens College and Columbia University, Cooper began his career in journalism at the Associated Press before moving to technology coverage. Before joining CNET News, he worked at Computer & Software News, Computer Shopper, PC Week, and ZDNet. He received the Excellence in Journalism award from the Northern California branch of the Society for Professional Journalists for column writing.

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